09 Marriage And Kinship 1 - 2464 Words

Marriage, Family, And Residence†¨ : What Are The Possibilities? Introducing Cultural Anthropology, Roberta Edwards Lenkeit (Chapter 7)  © Plush Studios/Blend Images/Getty Images MARRIAGE, FAMILY, AND RESIDENCE: WHAT ARE THE POSSIBILITIES? Note that the scarves of the bride and groom are tied together. This joining of scarves symbolizes their eternal bond in this traditional Hindu wedding.  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved MARRIAGE, FAMILY, AND RESIDENCE: WHAT ARE THE POSSIBILITIES? Diagramming Kingship Marriage Rules Marriage Forms and Functions Mate Choice and Marriage Finance Family Residence Patterns Summary  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved DIAGRAMMING KINSHIP Kinship diagrams are a†¦show more content†¦but, It is not the most preferred: Monogamy is the ideal and preferred form of marriage in only 81 cultures out of a sample 400cultures. (1967 survey) As a result of divorce or death, many individuals in monogamous societies will be in a series of monogamous marriages over the course of their lives. (This is sometimes referred to as a serial monogamy) POLYGAMY Polygamy means multiple spouses and does not distinguish between these two marriage types.†¨  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved Polygamy refers to marriage in which there is more than one spouse(poly means many, and gamy means marriage), It is a word that the media use, but it is a poor choice because it does not indicate wether there are many husbands or many wives. Polygyny is a marriage of one man to two or more women. Polyandry is a marriage of one woman to two or more men.  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved polygyny - Cross cultural research indicates that this is the preferred form of marriage in 314 cultures out of 400(79%). This research surveyed societies with populations numbering in the millions as well as those with populations of fewer than 100, so keep in mind that the percentage of cultures practicing a custom is not the same as the number of people worldwide who practice the custom. many societies have cultural rules that permit marrying multiple partners, but, economic realities often interfere with a man’s ability to have multipleShow MoreRelatedGrowth And Performance Of MSME In A Comparative Study1668 Words   |  7 Pagesand Assam respectively, are dependent on each other for its everyday economic and social activity. The later district has more positive growth of MSMEs with far more better performance. Key Words: Growth, Performance, Development, MSMEs, Employment. 1. INTRODUCTION: The growth in an economy can be defined as increase in real per-capita income which means income per head of an economy for a given period of time. Industrialisation is a prime source for growth of national output and economy. IndustrialisationRead MoreSociological Speculation through Theory1605 Words   |  6 PagesTheory Socialization, the social process through which children develop an awareness of social norms and values while achieving a distinct sense of self, is evident in everyday life, and is essential for the survival and stability of society (Lecture 1, 3/31/14). This very understanding of socialization comes largely into play in the 1997 documentary â€Å"Barbie Nation: An Unauthorized Tour† directed by Susan Stern and the 2007 film â€Å"The Namesake† directed by Mira Nair. In â€Å"Barbie Nation† and â€Å"The NamesakeRead MoreFamily Structure3365 Words   |  14 Pagescommunity situating the lowlands (Tarai) region of Udham Singh Nagar district. Journal of Experimental Sciences 2012, 3(1): 10-13 11 Table 1. Nature and size of family in the Bengali community Sl.No. Nature of Family Small (01-04 Members) 00 105 105 35% Size of Family Medium (03-07 Members) 00 114 114 38% Total Large (Above 07 Members) 81 00 81 27% Percentage 1 2 3 4 Joint Nuclear Total Percentage 81 219 300 100 27 81 100 100 The above mentioned table infers that about 27Read MoreFamily As A Social Institution Doc Essay5585 Words   |  23 Pagesï » ¿ INDEX Contents Page No: 1. Introduction 03 1.1 Definition Of Family 03 1.2 Only Child families 03 1.3 Largest Families 03-04 1.4 Single Parent families 04 1.5 Marriage 04 1.6 Types of Marriage 04-05 1.7 Mate Selection 05 2. Structure of Family 05-07 3. Stages of Family 07 3.1 Stage One 07 3.2 Stage Two 07 3.3 Stage Three 07 3.4 Stage Four 07-08 3.5 Stage Five 08 3.6 Stage Six 08 4. Role Of Family 08-09 4.1 Toward children 09 4.2 Toward Parent 09-10 5. 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And right anon he chaunged his array,/ And cladde hym as as a povre laborer,... (1408-09). Arcite becomes a squire for Theseus. A squire is one who dresses their knight in armor and clothes, which is ironic since Arcite is dressed decievinglyRead MoreLiterary Analysis of No Name Woman6151 Words   |  25 Pagesstory: â€Å"Immortality† http://wotan.liu.edu/~lbai/Immorality%20(Yiyun%20Li)0001.pdf Dale Minami: â€Å"Asian Americans as a movement† http://wotan.liu.edu/~lbai/AsianAmericans0001.pdf Adopted From Korea and in Search of Identity http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/09/us/09adopt.html Maxine Hong Kingston â€Å"No Name Woman†    You must not tell anyone, my mother said, what I am about to tell you. In China your father had a sister who killed herself. She jumped into the family well. 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Personality Test Analysis Essay - 1760 Words

a. According self tests using the Five Factor Model, my personality has low extraversion and emotional stability, a high degree of openness, and moderate levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Low extraversion is demonstrated in both professional and social envionments. While working a corporate job as a financial analyst, taking the time and initiative to interact with coworkers beyond the scope of the job was limited to a brief conversation once a day with the same two people. In large social gatherings, interactions are limited to familiar people with whom I have pre-existing friendships. If I attend a concert by myself, I will bring a book to read in between musical acts to prevent people from speaking to me. Low emotional†¦show more content†¦Agreeableness is average, meaning I do not try to be either cooperative or antagonistic towards others. I generally take a laissez-faire approach to my relationships and do not have an invested interest because I do not bel ieve I can significantly impact the long-term well being of others. During conversations, I do not inquire specifically about their personal lives, I let the other person tell me what they are comfortable about talking about and what they want me to know. Conscientiousness is also average. I have a fair balance of structure and spontaneity. There is just enough control and regulation in impulses to maintain a harmonized flow of daily life that will allow for spontaneous activities. For example, school work is more or less planned out by the day to prevent falling behind, but I will still embark on spontaneous adventures of bicycle rides to abandoned warehouse roof tops at midnight on a school night. Survey results are consistent with how I view myself generally. While it is impossible to be completely objective in self evaluations, I think I am fairly in tune with my inter- and intra-relationships because I make an effort to heed feedback. When interacting with others I pay attentio n to their facial expressions, body language, tone of voice, and not only their words, but their silences. b. Compared to PSU student averages, extraversion falls mainly in the lower third or lower mid-range,Show MoreRelatedSelf Analysis and Personality Diagnostic Tests2481 Words   |  10 PagesSelf Analysis and Personality Diagnostic Tests People are created uniquely and different one to another, which results in character and personality differences. The needs of socialising and workplace purposes, such as career development and organisation effectiveness have ‘forced’ people to be more aware and understand their potentials through self-analysis. It requires people to assess themselves as an object in particular event or experience, which enables people to gain self-awareness (DeRead MoreBig Five Personality Test Analysis2242 Words   |  9 PagesFIVE PERSONALITY TEST INTRODUCTION:- Personality tests are used to determine your type of personality, your values, interests and your skills. Mostly people conduct personality tests to determine their aptitude towards a certain type of career. A personality test aims to describe aspects of a persons character that remain stable throughout that persons lifetime, the individuals character pattern of behavior, thoughts, and feelings. Similarly The BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TEST is alsoRead MoreGoogle Answer to Filling Jobs1043 Words   |  5 Pagesorganizational culture. Google has employed personality testing to help them make decisions about hiring by making applicants fill out an elaborate online survey that explores their attitudes, behavior, personality and biographical details going back to high school in an attempt to ensure a good PE fit with the organization. Compare and Contrast Looking at the textbook I selected for this course, Organizational Behavior 10th edition by Kreitner and Kinicki, personality testing is defined as a tool for makingRead MoreThe Effects Of Faking On Personality Assessments992 Words   |  4 PagesPersonality assessments are a tool used frequently in organizations. However, the phenomena of faking on personality assessments is a relevant concern in the selection process. Research regarding faking on personality assessments have revealing that faking and the distortion of responses does occur. In addition, research has been conducted to determine how to detect when faking occurs on a personality assessment. Furthermore, research has been conducted showing the individual characteristics doesRead MorePersonality Reflection976 Words   |  4 PagesDelawrence Reed Psy/250 Version 6 Professor Wilkerson Personality Reflection Personality cares for the important, strong measures of a human being’s psychological vitality. Traits relates to an individual being merry or depressed, active or care less, brilliant or ignorant. There are many different definitions about personality. Most definitions are on mental system which is a cluster of mental pieces implicating purposes, feelings, and thinking patterns. The meanings alternate a littleRead MoreThe Effects Of Personality Assessments On The Workplace1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe use of personality assessments in the workplace has tremendously increased in recent years for the purposes of selection, placement, and development of employees. The rationale for the use of these tests is that personality assessments are useful for explaining and predicting work attitudes, behaviors, and job performance because â€Å"personality includes a wide range of characteristics that people possess; many of them have an impact upon the ways people behave in the wor kplace† (Boutelle, 2015)Read MoreReflection Paper On Personality1427 Words   |  6 Pagespoint of view on what my personality is. To do this, I took two personality tests from the Similar Minds website. The first one I took was the Big 45 Test. That personality test consisted of 225 questions that gave me the answer range from ‘very inaccurate’ to ‘very accurate’. My results were nearly similar in percentage; for Extroversion I got 59%, Accommodation is 67%, Orderliness is 59%, Emotional Stability is 51%, and Open-mindedness is 73%. What I liked about this test is that it broke down eachRead MorePsychology860 Words   |  4 Pagesand take at least three personality inventories. You can easily find these types of inventories online. You can also find these types of inventories in many different popular magazines. If you choose to search online, here are some ideas of verbiage to type into a search engine: †¢ Personality inventories test †¢ Personality inventory color analysis †¢ Big five personality test †¢ Dessert personality test †¢ Emotional intelligence test †¢ TV characters personality test †¢ Assessing Your RealRead MoreSelection and Recruitment5933 Words   |  24 Pagesselection methods such as application blanks, biographical data, resumes and cover letters, reference checks and initial interviews. The third section will analyze and evaluate the selection methods of personality tests including service orientation inventories, cognitive testing, work samples, integrity tests, structure interviews and assessment centres. This paper concludes with a final screening and selection plan for the Jandal Air Call Centre and considers its implementation. 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Case Study Return On Capital Employed

Question: Discuss about the Return on Capital Employed. Answer: Introduction: Return on capital employed or ROCE is a kind of profitability ratio which measures the efficiency of a particular enterprise to generate revenue from the capital employed by comparing operating revenue to capital employed. ROCE demonstrates how efficiently the assets of the enterprise are performing taking long term financing into consideration. For this reason it is termed as long term profitability ratio. ROCE is based on two major parts such as operating profit and capital employed. The formula of ROCE: Another formula of ROCE are: As per the given question the ROCE of the company has increased from 16.2% in 2015 to 22.7% in 2016. The reasons for such a huge improvement are discussed as follows: Curtailment of cost:- During February when Qantas decided to reduce the cost for the business by $2 billion for next three years many analyst considered that the aim of achieving cost curtailment is not possible by the company. But the company has become successful in achieving the target of cost savings Qantas also moved quickly on the job cuts, with 4000 of the 5000 planned redundancies to be completed by June, in the process saving it hundreds of millions of dollars annually on wages. Lower oil price:- Qantas has chosen to keep the majority of the gains from the lower oil price rather than pass it on to consumers in the form of lower ticket prices. Qantas loyalty program members redeeming their frequent flyer points for tickets will receive a benefit in the form of an average 14 per cent fall in fuel surcharge on some routes, including flights to the US, Asia, South America and South Africa. It has yet to lower the surcharge on routes covered by its partnership with Emirates, including the Middle East, Europe and North Africa. Lower depreciation charges:- Qantas surprised with even lower depreciation charges than expected in the first half as a result of the retirement of ageing Boeing 767 aircraft. In total, it expects depreciation charges of $1.1 billion this financial year, compared with $1.42 billion last year. That means the bigger depreciation benefit was realised in the first half. Less international competition:- The international capacity outlook is also improving, with rivals lowering their growth rate into Australia as a result of the lower dollar. An organization's cost of debt is the effective rate that itpays on all its debts. The debt of a company usually consists ofbonds, debentures, bank loans, term loan etc. Cost of debt forms a part of a company'scapital structure. Cost of debt is usually expressed in percentage in either of two ways: Before tax or after tax. In cases where interest expenses are tax deductible, the after tax approach is generally considered. The after-tax cost of debt is usually lesser than the before-tax (Pratt and Grabowski, 2008) After tax cost ofdebt = (Before tax cost of debt) x(1 Marginal tax rate). As of Jun. 2016, Qantas Airways Ltd's interest expense (positive number) was $210.214655811 Mil. Its total Book Value of Debt (D) is $3945.24117937 Mil. Cost of Debt = 210.214655811 / 3945.24117937 = 5.3283% (Gurufocus,2016). Cost of equity (also known as cost of common stock) is the minimum rate of return which a company must generate in order to convince investors to invest in the company's common stock at its current market price.Cost of equity is estimated using the capital asset pricing model. Cost of equity under the capital asset pricing model:- Cost of Equity = Risk Free Rate + Beta Coefficient Market Risk Premium Cost of Equity = Risk Free Rate + Beta Coefficient (Market Rate of Return Risk Free Rate) The current risk-free rate is 2.48%. Beta is the sensitivity of the expected excess asset returns to the expected excess market returns. Qantas Airways Ltd's beta is 1.07. (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return) is also called market premium. Market premium is estimated to be 7.5%. Cost of Equity = 2.48000000% + 1.07 * 7.5% = 10.505% Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the minimum average after-tax necessary rate of return, which a company must earn for all of its stake holders such as common stock-holders, preferred stock-holders and debt-holders(Armitage, 2005). WACC = r(E) w(E) + r(D) (1 t) w(D) WACC = E / (E + D)*Cost of Equity +D / (E + D)*Cost of Debt*(1 - Tax Rate) =0.5669*10.505%+0.4331* 5.3283% *(1 - 28.38%) = 7.61% Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the minimum average after-tax necessary rate of return which a company must earn for all of its stake holders such as common stock-holders, preferred stock-holders and debt-holders(Armitage, 2005). The return on invested capital (ROIC) is the percentage amount that a company is making for every percentage point over the Cost of Capital| Weighted Average Cost of Capital (Wilkinson, 2013). As per the given situation, the present ROIC before charging tax is 22.7% but after charging tax the ROIC is 15.9%. On the other hand, WACC of the company is 7.61%. The company is earning 8.29% (15.9% - 7.61%) over and above the weighted average cost of capital. The company is earning well enough to meet the requirement of the shareholders. Therefore the ROIC of 15.9% is well acceptable. But the company have to adapt strategies so that it can increase the wealth of the shareholders. Value of the bond (PB) = c/(1+r) + c/(1+r)2 + c/(1+r)3+ ....... + c/(1+r)10 + B/(1+r)10 PE = 5.5/(1+0.08) + 5.5/(1+0.08)2 + 5.5/(1+0.08)3 + 5.5/(1+0.08)4 +.......+ 5.5/(1+0.08)20 + $20/(1+0.08)10 = 5.5 * 0.9259 + 5.5 * 0.8573+ 5.5 * 0.7938 + 5.5 * 0.7350+ 5.5 *0.6806+5.5*0.6301 + 5.5*0.2145 + $20 * 0.2145 = 26.8521 WACC = E / (E + D)*Cost of Equity +D / (E + D)*Cost of Debt*(1 - Tax Rate) + debt/ cost of debt =0.5669*10.505%+0.4331* 5.3283% *(1 - 28.38%) + 5/(1-26.8521) = 7.80% The company has three investment plans that is equity, debt or debenture or newly issued bonds. As a student of finance, I should like to suggest that the company should like to take finance through equity and debentures. Equity shares are the ordinary shares. The holders of these shares are the real owners of the company. They have a voting right in the meetings of holders of the company. They have a control over the working of the company. Equity shareholders are paid dividend after paying it to the preference shareholders. Advantages of Equity Shares: Equity shares do not create any obligation to pay a fixed rate of dividend. Equity shares can be issued without creating any charge over the assets of the company. Disadvantages of Equity Shares: If only equity shares are issued, the company cannot take the advantage of trading on equity. As equity capital cannot be redeemed, there is a danger of over capitalisation. If a company needs funds for extension and development purpose without increasing its share capital, it can borrow from the general public by issuing certificates for a fixed period of time and at a fixed rate of interest. Such a loan certificate is called a debenture. Advantages of debentures Interest on debenture is a tax deductible expenditure and thus it saves income tax. Cost of debenture is relatively lower than preference shares and equity shares. Disadvantages of debentures Redemption of debenture involves a larger amount of cash outflow. Payment of interest on debenture is obligatory and hence it becomes burden if the company incurs loss. Risk can be defined as the change in investors actual return which will may totally different from the investors expected return. Risk involves the chances of losing the whole investment or the part thereof by the investor(Harrison, 2009). Risk can be sub divided into systematic risk and unsystematic risk. Systematic risk refers to the portion of total variability in return caused by factors affecting the prices of all securities. Economic, Political and Sociological changes are sources of systematic risk.The risk arises out of the uncertainty surrounding a particular firm or industry due to factors like labour strike, consumer preference management policies are called Unsystematic risk. Unsystematic risk is also called Diversifiable risk (Francis, 2010). TheExpected Return on a Portfoliois computed as the weighted average of the expected returns on the stocks which comprise the portfolio. The weights reflect the proportion of the portfolio invested in the stocks (Zenwealth, 2016). Risk and return are highly correlated. If an individual takes high risk then that individual will get high return and vice versa. Now as per the given situation, I have own $50000 at the Casino in Canberra. Now, I have an option of buying the shares of Qantam or else i can buy the newly issued bonds, or I can return to the Casino and again start gambling with $50000. Now as the price of the shares are cheapest in the share market I can opt for buying shares of the company with the hope of increasing the share price in future. But the share price may also fall. But as the company has re gained its financial position and started making profit so it will be a wise decision to invest in shares rather than investing it in new issue bonds or reinvesting it in casino for gambling. Referencing: Armitage, S. (2005).The cost of capital. New York: Cambridge University Press. Francis, A. (2010).Risk and Return in Portfolio Investments. [online] MBA Knowledge Base. Available at: https://www.mbaknol.com/investment-management/risk-and-return-in-portfolio-investments/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016]. Gurufocus.com. (2016).Qantas Airways Ltd (OTCPK:QUBSF) Intrinsic Value: DCF (FCF Based). [online] Available at: https://www.gurufocus.com/term/Intrinsic+Value+%28DCF%29/OTCPK:QUBSF/Intrinsic-Value-DCF-FCF-Based/Qantas-Airways-Ltd [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016]. Harrison, C. (2009).Risk. New York: Picador. Pratt, S. and Grabowski, R. (2008).Cost of capital. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Wilkinson, J. (2013).Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) The Strategic CFO. [online] Strategiccfo.com. Available at: https://strategiccfo.com/return-on-invested-capital-roic/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016]. Zenwealth.com. (2016).Portfolio Risk and Return. [online] Available at: https://www.zenwealth.com/businessfinanceonline/RR/Portfolios.html [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016].

Is the UK constitution fit for purpose free essay sample

?‘The UK Constitution is no longer fir for purpose’ Discuss. The constitution is a set of rules that established the duties, powers and functions of the institutes of the government and defines the relationships between them. As well as this, it outlines the relationship between the state and the individual. The UK Constitution is special in its self that it’s drawn from a number of sources which include; statute law, common law, royal prerogative, EU laws and treaties, conventions and works of authority, thus making the UK Constitution un-codified, flexible and open to interpretation. I believe that the Constitution is no longer fit for purpose because it’s far too easy to amend and is not fix which puts the individual rights into risk as they find it difficult to interpret the Constitution to protect their rights. One reason is that it has produced an imperfect separation of powers, allowing the executive too much control over the legislative branch. We will write a custom essay sample on Is the UK constitution fit for purpose or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This allows too much power, as there are inadequate constitutional safeguards in place. This highlights that many powers of the executive branch are ill defined and defined without limitations. Therefore the drift to excessive executive power can be checked by a codified, entrenched constitution which provides an opportunity for checks and balances of powers. Another reason is that the Constitution is far too easy to amend by a government with a large majority in Parliament. This can be detrimental as temporary government who are only in for one term can affect how the Constitution is run. Therefore the government can carry out their decisions which serve its own purpose. This highlights that power is much too centralised and so threatens democracy. Because it’s so vague and un-codified it does not carry the obvious authority of some other constitutions, such as the USA. Individual rights are not well protected because Parliament is not subjected to constitutional control. Furthermore that it is not codified means that citizens find it difficult to understand therefore struggle to protect their rights. Therefore the rights of citizens can be arbitrarily removed. This shows that the current system is too flexible and so allows too much for the exercise of arbitrary power thus Britain needs to be brought into line with other modern systems as it does not conform to the normal picture of a modern constitution and allows undemocratic institutions such as the House of Lords. However the Constitution is still seen to be fit for purpose because it still provides for a strong, decisive government which is not constrained constitutional rules.

The purpose of this paper is to present the inadequacies of IPv4 and the improvements made by implementing IPv6 Essays

The purpose of this paper is to present the inadequacies of IPv4 and the improvements made by implementing IPv6 Essays The purpose of this paper is to present the inadequacies of IPv4 and the improvements made by implementing IPv6 Essay The purpose of this paper is to present the inadequacies of IPv4 and the improvements made by implementing IPv6 Essay First, I will cover IPv4. IPv4 was implemented in the late 1980s. Therefore, IPv4 is dated technology. Before the internet explosion, IPv4 was a more than adequate solution to unique internet addressing. However, as the internet grew, and as networks and IP devices expanded and became more popular, it was apparent that a new solution to internet addressing needed to be introduced. IPv4 provides an apparently finite amount of addresses. It is estimated that IPv4 will run out of unique addresses between the years 2005 and 2011, largely due to the tremendous influx of new devices and users. IPv4 is inefficient. Period. The article on zdnet.co.uk points out that the routers that comprise the internet backbone contain routing tables that maintain over 85,000 routes. This seems to be a glaring inefficiency, almost negating the purpose of routers to provide quick and efficient routes. Among other problems with IPv4, security is an issue. Though there are vendor-specific ways to encrypt data on IPv4, no real standardized solution exists. There is certainly a need for an internet standard to address this issue. With the advent of e-commerce and things of the like, security is an issue not to be taken lightly. In order for the next echelon of e-commerce to be traversed, it seems that security and efficiency issues must be resolved. IPv6 seems to be just the tool needed to breathe life back into the internet, and expand the horizons to the broader possibilities that the internet and networking in general can provide. Sounds like Im selling it to you, no? Anyway, IPv6 can bring networks back from the dead and give them new life and reassurance. First and foremost, the issue to limited addressing is eradicated with IPv6. IPv6 allows for 2128 addresses. This new 128-bit address scheme eliminates the possibility of running out of addresses, at least for quite awhile. Another cool feature of IPv6 is the ability to auto-configure IP addresses, almost eliminating the need for DHCP, because the computers will poll others around them and determine an appropriate IP address for itself. This plug n play scheme will allow for wireless devices to travel seamlessly across cells without degradation or differentiation of service, to my understanding. IPv6 also incorporates various elements of the IPv4 header into a flow label; allowing for a simpler header and less relative overhead. A diagram of this is on the last page of this essay, with its source immediately beneath. Optional components once found in the front of an IPv4 header, whether used or not, are now located in an extension header in IPv6, and are only present when used. This also reduces minimum packet size and boosts efficiency. IPv6 utilizes the hierarchical nature of the internet to its advantage. IPv6 is designed to utilize smaller routing tables, thus allowing for faster routes due to smaller search times. The routers will only be aware of other routers connected directly to them, and the IPv6 packet serves as an almost self-steering packet. Regarding security, IPv6 has IPSec encryption incorporated. This solves the problem of the lack standardized encryption and security solutions. One of the drawbacks to IPv6, however, is that it is costly to implement, though it is a worthy (and eventually required, right?) investment. During my research, I can across internet communities dedicated to IPv6 implementation who are already reaping the benefits of implementation. They seem pretty excited, too.

HMS Warrior (1860) in the Royal Navy

HMS Warrior (1860) in the Royal Navy HMS Warrior  -  General: Nation: Great Britain Builder: Thames Ironworks Shipbuilding Co. Ltd. Laid Down: May 25, 1859 Launched: December 29, 1860 Commissioned: August 1, 1861 Decommissioned: May 31, 1883 Fate: Museum ship at Portsmouth, England Specifications: Type: Armored Frigate Displacement: 9,210 tons Length: 418 ft. Beam: 58 ft. Draft: 27 ft. Complement: 705 Power Plant: Penn Jet-Condensing, horizontal-trunk, single expansion steam engine Speed: 13 knots (sail), 14.5 knots (steam), 17 knots (combined) Armament: 26 x 68-pdr. guns (muzzle-loading)10 x 110-pdr. Armstrong guns (breech-loading)4 x 40-pdr. Armstrong guns (breech-loading) HMS Warrior  -  Background: During the early decades of the 19th century the Royal Navy began add steam power to many of its ships and was slowly introducing new innovations, such as iron hulls, into some of its smaller vessels. In 1858, the Admiralty was stunned to learn that the French had commenced construction of an ironclad warship named La Gloire. It was the desire of Emperor Napoleon III to replace all of Frances warships with iron-hulled ironclads, however French industry lacked the capacity to produce the needed plate. As a result, La Gloire was initially built of wood then clad in iron armor. HMS Warrior  - Design and Construction: Commissioned in August 1860, La Gloire became the worlds first ocean-going ironclad warship. Sensing that their naval dominance was being threatened, the Royal Navy immediately commenced construction on a vessel superior to La Gloire. Conceived by Admiral Sir Baldwin Wake-Walker and designed by Isaac Watts, HMS Warrior was laid down at Thames Ironworks Shipbuilding on May 29, 1859. Incorporating a variety of new technology, Warrior was be a composite sail/steam armored frigate. Built with an iron hull, Warriors steam engines turned a large propeller. Central to the ships design was its armored citadel. Built into the hull, the citadel contained Warriors broadside guns and possessed 4.5 iron armor which was bolted onto 9 of teak. During construction, the design of the citadel was tested against the most modern guns of the day and none were able to penetrate its armor. For further protection, innovative watertight bulkheads were added to the vessel. Though Warrior was designed to carry fewer guns than many other ships in the fleet, it compensated by mounting heavier weapons. These included 26 68-pdr guns and 10 110-pdr breech-loading Armstrong rifles. Warrior was launched at Blackwall on December 29, 1860. A particularly cold day, the ship froze to the ways and required six tugs to pull it into the water. Commissioned on August 1, 1861, Warrior cost the Admiralty  £357,291. Joining the fleet, Warrior served primarily in home waters as the only dry dock large enough to take it was in Britain. Arguably the most powerful warship afloat when it was commissioned, Warrior quickly intimidated rival nations and launched the competition to build bigger and stronger iron/steel battleships. HMS Warrior - Operational History: Upon first seeing Warriors power the French naval attachà © in London sent an urgent dispatch to his superiors in Paris stating, Should this ship meet our fleet it will be as a black snake among rabbits! Those in Britain were similarly impressed including Charles Dickens who wrote, A black vicious ugly customer as ever I saw, whale-like in size, and with as terrible a row of incisor teeth as ever closed on a French frigate. A year after Warrior was commissioned it was joined by its sister ship, HMS Black Prince. During the 1860s, Warrior saw peaceful service and had its gun battery upgraded between 1864 and 1867. Warriors routine was interrupted in 1868, following a collision with HMS Royal Oak. The following year it made one of its few trips away from Europe when it towed a floating dry dock to Bermuda. After undergoing a refit in 1871-1875, Warrior was placed in reserve status. A groundbreaking vessel, the naval arms race that it helped inspire had quickly led to it becoming obsolete. From 1875-1883, Warrior performed summer training cruises to the Mediterranean and Baltic for reservists. Laid up in 1883, the ship remained available for active duty until 1900. In 1904, Warrior was taken to Portsmouth and renamed Vernon III as part of the Royal Navys torpedo training school. Providing steam and power for the neighboring hulks that comprised the school, Warrior remained in this role until 1923. After attempts to sell the ship for scrap in the mid-1920s failed, it was converted for use a floating oil jetty at Pembroke, Wales. Designated Oil Hulk C77, Warrior humbly fulfilled this duty for half a century. In 1979, the ship was saved from the scrap yard by the Maritime Trust. Initially led by the Duke of Edinburgh, the Trust oversaw the eight-year restoration of the ship. Returned to its 1860s glory, Warrior entered its berth at Portsmouth on June 16, 1987, and began a new life as a museum ship.

Discuss the strategic roles of middle managers Assignment - 2

Discuss the strategic roles of middle managers - Assignment Example In their study, Currie and Proctor (2005) concur with the literature that argues that organizational performance is mainly influenced by what takes place in the middle of the organization than what happens at the top. Based on the work of Floyd and Wooldridge (1992, 1994, 1997, 2000), Currie and Proctor (2005) argue that middle managers have a significant role to play in the ‘thinking’ as well as ‘doing’ of strategy in the organization. The middle managers can actually influence the direction of strategy from top to bottom or bottom to top. According to Currie and Proctor (2005), middle managers play four significant roles in strategic decisions in the organization. First, they synthesise information about the operations of the organisation which can be channelled upwards to the executives and can be used in strategy formulation. Second, the middle managers can reshape the strategies formulated by the executives since they are closer to all activities that o ccur in the organization. Thirdly, the middle managers can also exert downward influence especially in areas that are outside the reach of the executives. The fourth point is that middle managers are responsible for implementing deliberate strategy where they translate corporate strategy into action plans. Thus, it can be noted that from the middle management perspective, the middle managers have important strategic roles to make in an organization. Without middle managers, it may be difficult to achieve consistency in the performance of the organization. Raes et al (2011, p. 102) also suggest that â€Å"the interaction of the top management team (TMT) and middle managers (MMs) is central to effective strategy formulation and implementation.† It can be argued that the middle managers are at the center of all activities in the organization. For instance, they directly link with the top executives and the supervisors and other subordinates below them. This makes then significant in strategy