09 Marriage And Kinship 1 - 2464 Words

Marriage, Family, And Residence†¨ : What Are The Possibilities? Introducing Cultural Anthropology, Roberta Edwards Lenkeit (Chapter 7)  © Plush Studios/Blend Images/Getty Images MARRIAGE, FAMILY, AND RESIDENCE: WHAT ARE THE POSSIBILITIES? Note that the scarves of the bride and groom are tied together. This joining of scarves symbolizes their eternal bond in this traditional Hindu wedding.  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved MARRIAGE, FAMILY, AND RESIDENCE: WHAT ARE THE POSSIBILITIES? Diagramming Kingship Marriage Rules Marriage Forms and Functions Mate Choice and Marriage Finance Family Residence Patterns Summary  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved DIAGRAMMING KINSHIP Kinship diagrams are a†¦show more content†¦but, It is not the most preferred: Monogamy is the ideal and preferred form of marriage in only 81 cultures out of a sample 400cultures. (1967 survey) As a result of divorce or death, many individuals in monogamous societies will be in a series of monogamous marriages over the course of their lives. (This is sometimes referred to as a serial monogamy) POLYGAMY Polygamy means multiple spouses and does not distinguish between these two marriage types.†¨  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved Polygamy refers to marriage in which there is more than one spouse(poly means many, and gamy means marriage), It is a word that the media use, but it is a poor choice because it does not indicate wether there are many husbands or many wives. Polygyny is a marriage of one man to two or more women. Polyandry is a marriage of one woman to two or more men.  © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, all rights reserved polygyny - Cross cultural research indicates that this is the preferred form of marriage in 314 cultures out of 400(79%). This research surveyed societies with populations numbering in the millions as well as those with populations of fewer than 100, so keep in mind that the percentage of cultures practicing a custom is not the same as the number of people worldwide who practice the custom. many societies have cultural rules that permit marrying multiple partners, but, economic realities often interfere with a man’s ability to have multipleShow MoreRelatedGrowth And Performance Of MSME In A Comparative Study1668 Words   |  7 Pagesand Assam respectively, are dependent on each other for its everyday economic and social activity. The later district has more positive growth of MSMEs with far more better performance. Key Words: Growth, Performance, Development, MSMEs, Employment. 1. INTRODUCTION: The growth in an economy can be defined as increase in real per-capita income which means income per head of an economy for a given period of time. Industrialisation is a prime source for growth of national output and economy. IndustrialisationRead MoreSociological Speculation through Theory1605 Words   |  6 PagesTheory Socialization, the social process through which children develop an awareness of social norms and values while achieving a distinct sense of self, is evident in everyday life, and is essential for the survival and stability of society (Lecture 1, 3/31/14). This very understanding of socialization comes largely into play in the 1997 documentary â€Å"Barbie Nation: An Unauthorized Tour† directed by Susan Stern and the 2007 film â€Å"The Namesake† directed by Mira Nair. In â€Å"Barbie Nation† and â€Å"The NamesakeRead MoreFamily Structure3365 Words   |  14 Pagescommunity situating the lowlands (Tarai) region of Udham Singh Nagar district. Journal of Experimental Sciences 2012, 3(1): 10-13 11 Table 1. Nature and size of family in the Bengali community Sl.No. Nature of Family Small (01-04 Members) 00 105 105 35% Size of Family Medium (03-07 Members) 00 114 114 38% Total Large (Above 07 Members) 81 00 81 27% Percentage 1 2 3 4 Joint Nuclear Total Percentage 81 219 300 100 27 81 100 100 The above mentioned table infers that about 27Read MoreFamily As A Social Institution Doc Essay5585 Words   |  23 Pagesï » ¿ INDEX Contents Page No: 1. Introduction 03 1.1 Definition Of Family 03 1.2 Only Child families 03 1.3 Largest Families 03-04 1.4 Single Parent families 04 1.5 Marriage 04 1.6 Types of Marriage 04-05 1.7 Mate Selection 05 2. Structure of Family 05-07 3. Stages of Family 07 3.1 Stage One 07 3.2 Stage Two 07 3.3 Stage Three 07 3.4 Stage Four 07-08 3.5 Stage Five 08 3.6 Stage Six 08 4. Role Of Family 08-09 4.1 Toward children 09 4.2 Toward Parent 09-10 5. 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And right anon he chaunged his array,/ And cladde hym as as a povre laborer,... (1408-09). Arcite becomes a squire for Theseus. A squire is one who dresses their knight in armor and clothes, which is ironic since Arcite is dressed decievinglyRead MoreLiterary Analysis of No Name Woman6151 Words   |  25 Pagesstory: â€Å"Immortality† http://wotan.liu.edu/~lbai/Immorality%20(Yiyun%20Li)0001.pdf Dale Minami: â€Å"Asian Americans as a movement† http://wotan.liu.edu/~lbai/AsianAmericans0001.pdf Adopted From Korea and in Search of Identity http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/09/us/09adopt.html Maxine Hong Kingston â€Å"No Name Woman†    You must not tell anyone, my mother said, what I am about to tell you. In China your father had a sister who killed herself. She jumped into the family well. 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Personality Test Analysis Essay - 1760 Words

a. According self tests using the Five Factor Model, my personality has low extraversion and emotional stability, a high degree of openness, and moderate levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Low extraversion is demonstrated in both professional and social envionments. While working a corporate job as a financial analyst, taking the time and initiative to interact with coworkers beyond the scope of the job was limited to a brief conversation once a day with the same two people. In large social gatherings, interactions are limited to familiar people with whom I have pre-existing friendships. If I attend a concert by myself, I will bring a book to read in between musical acts to prevent people from speaking to me. Low emotional†¦show more content†¦Agreeableness is average, meaning I do not try to be either cooperative or antagonistic towards others. I generally take a laissez-faire approach to my relationships and do not have an invested interest because I do not bel ieve I can significantly impact the long-term well being of others. During conversations, I do not inquire specifically about their personal lives, I let the other person tell me what they are comfortable about talking about and what they want me to know. Conscientiousness is also average. I have a fair balance of structure and spontaneity. There is just enough control and regulation in impulses to maintain a harmonized flow of daily life that will allow for spontaneous activities. For example, school work is more or less planned out by the day to prevent falling behind, but I will still embark on spontaneous adventures of bicycle rides to abandoned warehouse roof tops at midnight on a school night. Survey results are consistent with how I view myself generally. While it is impossible to be completely objective in self evaluations, I think I am fairly in tune with my inter- and intra-relationships because I make an effort to heed feedback. When interacting with others I pay attentio n to their facial expressions, body language, tone of voice, and not only their words, but their silences. b. Compared to PSU student averages, extraversion falls mainly in the lower third or lower mid-range,Show MoreRelatedSelf Analysis and Personality Diagnostic Tests2481 Words   |  10 PagesSelf Analysis and Personality Diagnostic Tests People are created uniquely and different one to another, which results in character and personality differences. The needs of socialising and workplace purposes, such as career development and organisation effectiveness have ‘forced’ people to be more aware and understand their potentials through self-analysis. 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The rationale for the use of these tests is that personality assessments are useful for explaining and predicting work attitudes, behaviors, and job performance because â€Å"personality includes a wide range of characteristics that people possess; many of them have an impact upon the ways people behave in the wor kplace† (Boutelle, 2015)Read MoreReflection Paper On Personality1427 Words   |  6 Pagespoint of view on what my personality is. To do this, I took two personality tests from the Similar Minds website. The first one I took was the Big 45 Test. That personality test consisted of 225 questions that gave me the answer range from ‘very inaccurate’ to ‘very accurate’. My results were nearly similar in percentage; for Extroversion I got 59%, Accommodation is 67%, Orderliness is 59%, Emotional Stability is 51%, and Open-mindedness is 73%. What I liked about this test is that it broke down eachRead MorePsychology860 Words   |  4 Pagesand take at least three personality inventories. 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Case Study Return On Capital Employed

Question: Discuss about the Return on Capital Employed. Answer: Introduction: Return on capital employed or ROCE is a kind of profitability ratio which measures the efficiency of a particular enterprise to generate revenue from the capital employed by comparing operating revenue to capital employed. ROCE demonstrates how efficiently the assets of the enterprise are performing taking long term financing into consideration. For this reason it is termed as long term profitability ratio. ROCE is based on two major parts such as operating profit and capital employed. The formula of ROCE: Another formula of ROCE are: As per the given question the ROCE of the company has increased from 16.2% in 2015 to 22.7% in 2016. The reasons for such a huge improvement are discussed as follows: Curtailment of cost:- During February when Qantas decided to reduce the cost for the business by $2 billion for next three years many analyst considered that the aim of achieving cost curtailment is not possible by the company. But the company has become successful in achieving the target of cost savings Qantas also moved quickly on the job cuts, with 4000 of the 5000 planned redundancies to be completed by June, in the process saving it hundreds of millions of dollars annually on wages. Lower oil price:- Qantas has chosen to keep the majority of the gains from the lower oil price rather than pass it on to consumers in the form of lower ticket prices. Qantas loyalty program members redeeming their frequent flyer points for tickets will receive a benefit in the form of an average 14 per cent fall in fuel surcharge on some routes, including flights to the US, Asia, South America and South Africa. It has yet to lower the surcharge on routes covered by its partnership with Emirates, including the Middle East, Europe and North Africa. Lower depreciation charges:- Qantas surprised with even lower depreciation charges than expected in the first half as a result of the retirement of ageing Boeing 767 aircraft. In total, it expects depreciation charges of $1.1 billion this financial year, compared with $1.42 billion last year. That means the bigger depreciation benefit was realised in the first half. Less international competition:- The international capacity outlook is also improving, with rivals lowering their growth rate into Australia as a result of the lower dollar. An organization's cost of debt is the effective rate that itpays on all its debts. The debt of a company usually consists ofbonds, debentures, bank loans, term loan etc. Cost of debt forms a part of a company'scapital structure. Cost of debt is usually expressed in percentage in either of two ways: Before tax or after tax. In cases where interest expenses are tax deductible, the after tax approach is generally considered. The after-tax cost of debt is usually lesser than the before-tax (Pratt and Grabowski, 2008) After tax cost ofdebt = (Before tax cost of debt) x(1 Marginal tax rate). As of Jun. 2016, Qantas Airways Ltd's interest expense (positive number) was $210.214655811 Mil. Its total Book Value of Debt (D) is $3945.24117937 Mil. Cost of Debt = 210.214655811 / 3945.24117937 = 5.3283% (Gurufocus,2016). Cost of equity (also known as cost of common stock) is the minimum rate of return which a company must generate in order to convince investors to invest in the company's common stock at its current market price.Cost of equity is estimated using the capital asset pricing model. Cost of equity under the capital asset pricing model:- Cost of Equity = Risk Free Rate + Beta Coefficient Market Risk Premium Cost of Equity = Risk Free Rate + Beta Coefficient (Market Rate of Return Risk Free Rate) The current risk-free rate is 2.48%. Beta is the sensitivity of the expected excess asset returns to the expected excess market returns. Qantas Airways Ltd's beta is 1.07. (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return) is also called market premium. Market premium is estimated to be 7.5%. Cost of Equity = 2.48000000% + 1.07 * 7.5% = 10.505% Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the minimum average after-tax necessary rate of return, which a company must earn for all of its stake holders such as common stock-holders, preferred stock-holders and debt-holders(Armitage, 2005). WACC = r(E) w(E) + r(D) (1 t) w(D) WACC = E / (E + D)*Cost of Equity +D / (E + D)*Cost of Debt*(1 - Tax Rate) =0.5669*10.505%+0.4331* 5.3283% *(1 - 28.38%) = 7.61% Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the minimum average after-tax necessary rate of return which a company must earn for all of its stake holders such as common stock-holders, preferred stock-holders and debt-holders(Armitage, 2005). The return on invested capital (ROIC) is the percentage amount that a company is making for every percentage point over the Cost of Capital| Weighted Average Cost of Capital (Wilkinson, 2013). As per the given situation, the present ROIC before charging tax is 22.7% but after charging tax the ROIC is 15.9%. On the other hand, WACC of the company is 7.61%. The company is earning 8.29% (15.9% - 7.61%) over and above the weighted average cost of capital. The company is earning well enough to meet the requirement of the shareholders. Therefore the ROIC of 15.9% is well acceptable. But the company have to adapt strategies so that it can increase the wealth of the shareholders. Value of the bond (PB) = c/(1+r) + c/(1+r)2 + c/(1+r)3+ ....... + c/(1+r)10 + B/(1+r)10 PE = 5.5/(1+0.08) + 5.5/(1+0.08)2 + 5.5/(1+0.08)3 + 5.5/(1+0.08)4 +.......+ 5.5/(1+0.08)20 + $20/(1+0.08)10 = 5.5 * 0.9259 + 5.5 * 0.8573+ 5.5 * 0.7938 + 5.5 * 0.7350+ 5.5 *0.6806+5.5*0.6301 + 5.5*0.2145 + $20 * 0.2145 = 26.8521 WACC = E / (E + D)*Cost of Equity +D / (E + D)*Cost of Debt*(1 - Tax Rate) + debt/ cost of debt =0.5669*10.505%+0.4331* 5.3283% *(1 - 28.38%) + 5/(1-26.8521) = 7.80% The company has three investment plans that is equity, debt or debenture or newly issued bonds. As a student of finance, I should like to suggest that the company should like to take finance through equity and debentures. Equity shares are the ordinary shares. The holders of these shares are the real owners of the company. They have a voting right in the meetings of holders of the company. They have a control over the working of the company. Equity shareholders are paid dividend after paying it to the preference shareholders. Advantages of Equity Shares: Equity shares do not create any obligation to pay a fixed rate of dividend. Equity shares can be issued without creating any charge over the assets of the company. Disadvantages of Equity Shares: If only equity shares are issued, the company cannot take the advantage of trading on equity. As equity capital cannot be redeemed, there is a danger of over capitalisation. If a company needs funds for extension and development purpose without increasing its share capital, it can borrow from the general public by issuing certificates for a fixed period of time and at a fixed rate of interest. Such a loan certificate is called a debenture. Advantages of debentures Interest on debenture is a tax deductible expenditure and thus it saves income tax. Cost of debenture is relatively lower than preference shares and equity shares. Disadvantages of debentures Redemption of debenture involves a larger amount of cash outflow. Payment of interest on debenture is obligatory and hence it becomes burden if the company incurs loss. Risk can be defined as the change in investors actual return which will may totally different from the investors expected return. Risk involves the chances of losing the whole investment or the part thereof by the investor(Harrison, 2009). Risk can be sub divided into systematic risk and unsystematic risk. Systematic risk refers to the portion of total variability in return caused by factors affecting the prices of all securities. Economic, Political and Sociological changes are sources of systematic risk.The risk arises out of the uncertainty surrounding a particular firm or industry due to factors like labour strike, consumer preference management policies are called Unsystematic risk. Unsystematic risk is also called Diversifiable risk (Francis, 2010). TheExpected Return on a Portfoliois computed as the weighted average of the expected returns on the stocks which comprise the portfolio. The weights reflect the proportion of the portfolio invested in the stocks (Zenwealth, 2016). Risk and return are highly correlated. If an individual takes high risk then that individual will get high return and vice versa. Now as per the given situation, I have own $50000 at the Casino in Canberra. Now, I have an option of buying the shares of Qantam or else i can buy the newly issued bonds, or I can return to the Casino and again start gambling with $50000. Now as the price of the shares are cheapest in the share market I can opt for buying shares of the company with the hope of increasing the share price in future. But the share price may also fall. But as the company has re gained its financial position and started making profit so it will be a wise decision to invest in shares rather than investing it in new issue bonds or reinvesting it in casino for gambling. Referencing: Armitage, S. (2005).The cost of capital. New York: Cambridge University Press. Francis, A. (2010).Risk and Return in Portfolio Investments. [online] MBA Knowledge Base. Available at: https://www.mbaknol.com/investment-management/risk-and-return-in-portfolio-investments/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016]. Gurufocus.com. (2016).Qantas Airways Ltd (OTCPK:QUBSF) Intrinsic Value: DCF (FCF Based). [online] Available at: https://www.gurufocus.com/term/Intrinsic+Value+%28DCF%29/OTCPK:QUBSF/Intrinsic-Value-DCF-FCF-Based/Qantas-Airways-Ltd [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016]. Harrison, C. (2009).Risk. New York: Picador. Pratt, S. and Grabowski, R. (2008).Cost of capital. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Wilkinson, J. (2013).Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) The Strategic CFO. [online] Strategiccfo.com. Available at: https://strategiccfo.com/return-on-invested-capital-roic/ [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016]. Zenwealth.com. (2016).Portfolio Risk and Return. [online] Available at: https://www.zenwealth.com/businessfinanceonline/RR/Portfolios.html [Accessed 14 Sep. 2016].

Is the UK constitution fit for purpose free essay sample

?‘The UK Constitution is no longer fir for purpose’ Discuss. The constitution is a set of rules that established the duties, powers and functions of the institutes of the government and defines the relationships between them. As well as this, it outlines the relationship between the state and the individual. The UK Constitution is special in its self that it’s drawn from a number of sources which include; statute law, common law, royal prerogative, EU laws and treaties, conventions and works of authority, thus making the UK Constitution un-codified, flexible and open to interpretation. I believe that the Constitution is no longer fit for purpose because it’s far too easy to amend and is not fix which puts the individual rights into risk as they find it difficult to interpret the Constitution to protect their rights. One reason is that it has produced an imperfect separation of powers, allowing the executive too much control over the legislative branch. We will write a custom essay sample on Is the UK constitution fit for purpose or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This allows too much power, as there are inadequate constitutional safeguards in place. This highlights that many powers of the executive branch are ill defined and defined without limitations. Therefore the drift to excessive executive power can be checked by a codified, entrenched constitution which provides an opportunity for checks and balances of powers. Another reason is that the Constitution is far too easy to amend by a government with a large majority in Parliament. This can be detrimental as temporary government who are only in for one term can affect how the Constitution is run. Therefore the government can carry out their decisions which serve its own purpose. This highlights that power is much too centralised and so threatens democracy. Because it’s so vague and un-codified it does not carry the obvious authority of some other constitutions, such as the USA. Individual rights are not well protected because Parliament is not subjected to constitutional control. Furthermore that it is not codified means that citizens find it difficult to understand therefore struggle to protect their rights. Therefore the rights of citizens can be arbitrarily removed. This shows that the current system is too flexible and so allows too much for the exercise of arbitrary power thus Britain needs to be brought into line with other modern systems as it does not conform to the normal picture of a modern constitution and allows undemocratic institutions such as the House of Lords. However the Constitution is still seen to be fit for purpose because it still provides for a strong, decisive government which is not constrained constitutional rules.